Turkey (Türkiye) is a transcontinental country bridging Europe and Asia, with its capital in Ankara and Istanbul as its largest city. It has a population of about 86 million and a rich history shaped by ancient civilizations, the Byzantine Empire, and the powerful Ottoman Empire. Modern Turkey was founded in 1923 by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, who introduced major reforms to modernize and secularize the nation. Today, it is a presidential republic, strategically located between the Mediterranean, Aegean, and Black Seas, making it a key player in regional politics and trade. Known for its diverse landscapes, vibrant culture, and cuisine like kebabs and baklava, Turkey is also a top global tourist destination with landmarks such as Hagia Sophia, Cappadocia, and Pamukkale.